
     __________________________________________________________
                              
                               3
                              
                           
                          
     __________________________________________________________
     
      ⮩  ᢥ饭 ᫥騥 ⥬:
     
     -  ⭮ 䠩
     - 믮 䠩 autoexec.bat
     - ࠬ ⭮ 䠩
     -  ⭮ 䠩
     
     __________________________________________________________

     ⮡    ⮬⥫쭮   饩
᫥⥫쭮 ,       
ப    䠩  ᢮ ᫥ ७ .bat. 
 筮   ⮣ 䠩     ,  ⮡
ᮤঠ騥    ⭮ 䠩  砫 믮 
⮩ ᫥⥫쭮,  ன  ᫥  ⭮ 䠩
(冷 ᫥  ᤥ ᫮).
       䠩        -  ।,
ਬ, Edlin.
      ⢥ ᫥  ப 䠩  㪠
 㣮 ⭮ 䠩.
          砫  ப ᨬ @ 
⬥ 뢮  ப   ࠭  ()    ६  
ᯮ.
     蠥 ᯮ짮 ⠪ ।,  < > >>  |.
     ⠭   ᪮   ப ࠣ
    ᫥騥  ப    䠩.    ᪠  
।.
     ᫨  ६ ᪮쪮 譨    
  ,    믮  ᫥饬 浪 (
ᨬ  ७):
     
     .com
     .exe
     .bat

     
                    autoexec.bat
                   
         䠩  ⠪  ᮤন  ᫥⥫쭮
 ப,  ⫨砥    䠩 ⥬,
  믮 稭  ࠧ,     砥
᢮   .   MS-DOS   ⮬᪨   ᫥   祭
   䠩  ⥪饬 ⠫,  ᫨  室,
  㯠      믮. ᫨ ⠪ 䠩 
,   ࠭ 뢮  ⠭    ⥬  
 ⥪饩   ६.
     ᫨      ᮧ  䠩  autoexec.bat,      
   ୥ ⠫ ᪠ MS-DOS.
     
     
        ⮩   ᯮᮡ   ᮧ   ⭮  䠩
     ਢ :
     
     -   ப:
     
     copy con _⭮_䠩.bat
     
     -   .     ᮫ ()
       ଠ   䠩.
     
     -   ப   .
     -   ப   .
     -   ப   .
     - ...  ..
     - ᫥    ᫥    ப  
       ६  Ctrl  Z (CONTROL+Z).
     -  .
     -  ࠭  ᮮ饭:
     
     1 File(s) copyied
     (஢ 1 䠩 )
     
       ᪠ ᮧ ⭮ 䠩  
 (७  易⥫쭮)   .
     
     ⥫        ⭮   䠩   ਤ
ଠ ࠬ, ॠ 祭   ⠢
  室 믮 ⭮ 䠩.  ࠬ   %1
- %9, ਬ  dir %1 > %2.  ࠬ  %0  ᥣ  
⥬      ᪮  (᫨  㪠)    ⭮
䠩. ᫨   ᯮ짮     ࠬ஢,
  ᫥    ᠭ  shift  ⮩ .
᫨  業    -  䠩,    
 室 㪠뢠 :  abc%%d.exe.
         ᫮  ଠ ࠬ஢  
ᯮ짮    ଠ  ࠬ,  㪠뢠
      業⮢:  %parameter%.  ⫨稥  
᫮  ࠬ஢  砥    ⮬,       ॠ
祭   㪠뢠          ப  맮
⭮ 䠩,   । (      set),  㤠
MS-DOS  㤥  롨      ⠢   ଠ
ࠬ஢.
           ப  맮   ⭮   䠩
室  ,    ᫥⥫쭮     ॠ
祭   ᫮ ࠬ஢ ⮣ ⭮ 䠩 
ᮮ⢥⢮ 㬥樨  ᫮ ࠬ஢.
     
     
               ⭮ ࠡ⪨
              
       ਢ     ⭮   ࠡ⪨,   
ᠭ  㤥    ⮩ :
     
          祭
     __________________________________________________________
     call        맮   ⭮ 䠩  㣮, 
                 襭 ᫥.
     echo        뢮      ⬥  뢮      뢮
                 ⥪饣 ﭨ.
     for         믮   㯯 䠩.
     goto        室  㪠 .
     if          믮    ண
                 ᫮.
     pause       㧠   믮 䠩.
     rem         뢮 .
     shift       祭 ⢠ ଠ ࠬ஢.
     __________________________________________________________
     
         ⭮  ࠡ⪨    १묨
     (७).
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________
     CALL                                                   (I)
     
     :
          맮   ⭮ 䠩  㣮, 
          襭 ᫥.
      
     ⠪:
     
     call [᪮:][] _⭮_䠩 []
     
     :
     
      - , 믮塞 ᫥ 믮 ⭮
               䠩.
     
     ਩:
       㪠   ⭮ 䠩 室 㪠뢠
७ .bat.  믮 ⭮ 䠩  
믮  뢠襣  ⭮ 䠩   㪠 
 ப 맮.  ᫨    ""  饭,  
믮   , ।⢥ ᫥饩
  call.
     
     ਬ砭:
       ᯮ짮 ᨬ ॠ樨 /뢮 
  Call.    䠩    믮  ४ᨢ
饭    ᠬ  ᥡ,    ᫮,    ।ᬮ७
᫮ 砭.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________
     ECHO                                                   (I)
     
     :
          뢮      ⬥  뢮      뢮
          ⥪饣 ﭨ.
     
     ⠪:
     
          echo [on]
          
          
     
          echo [off]
     
          
     
          echo [ᮮ饭]
     
     ਩:
     筮  믮    ᮮ⢥騥  
ப  뢮    ࠭ (). ⬥ 뢮   
 樨 off,  ⠭   樨 on. ᫨  
   echo  権,   ࠭  ⥪饥
祭 (on  off).
      "ᮮ饭"  ਬ  뢮 ᮮ饭 
࠭  ६ 믮 ⭮ 䠩.
      @, 饭  砫  ப,  ⬥
 ⮩ ப.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________
     FOR                                                    (I)
     
     :
          믮   㯯 䠩.
     
     ⠪:
     
          for %%c in 㯯 do 
          ( ⭮ ࠡ⪨)
          
          for %c in 㯯 do 
          ( ࠪ⨢ ࠡ⪨)
     
     ਩:
     뢠  ᢠ      㯯
६  %%ᨬ.  ""      0-9, ⮡ 
ᮢ  %0-%9. "㯯"  ᫥騩 ଠ:
     
     (   ...)
     
     
     
     ᫨  ( 䠩) ᮤন ᨬ ⥫, 
 ,  ஬  ⮣  ,  ,    ᥬ
ᮮ⢥騬 䠩 ᢠ ६ %%ᨬ.
     
     ਬ:
       ᢠ ६ %%f ᥬ  䠩
 ७ .txt  ᯥ뢠 :
     
     for %%f in (*.txt) do print %%f
                                              
     ᫨   ᯮ    for    ⭮  䠩
(ࠪ⨢  ࠡ⪠),    㪠뢠 ⮫쪮 
 業 । "ᨬ".
     
     
     
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________
     GOTO                                                   (I)
     
     :
          室  㪠 , .. 室  믮
           ப, "祭" 㪠뢠 ⪮.

     
     ⠪:
     
          goto [:]⪠
     
     ਩:
     ⪠  ᮤঠ ஡,   㣨  ࠧ⥫,
⠪    窠  ⮩   ࠢ. ᫨  䠩
 ᮤন ⪨,  믮 ⭮ 䠩 뢠.
     
     ਬ砭:
      ப ⭮ 䠩, 稭  ᨬ (:),
  ६ 믮 ⭮ 䠩:
     
     :begin
     echo off
     format a: /s
     if errorlevel 0 goto end
     echo  
     :end
     echo 
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________
     IF                                                     (I)
     
     :
          믮    ண
          ᫮.
     
     ⠪:
     
          if [not] errorlevel _襭 
     
          
     
          if [not] ப1 = = ப2 
          
          
     
          if [not] exist _䠩 
     
     ਩:
       믮,   , ᫨ 㪠뢠
᫮ ⨭. ᠭ ᫮ ਢ :
     
     _襭   -     ᫮.    ᮢ  
                            襭   ।饩   ,
                            믮  ஬,
                                襬  祭 
                            襭,   ᫮    ⠥
                            ⨭.
     
     ப1 = = ப2 -  ᫮ ⠥ ⨭, ⮫쪮
                            ᫨    ப      ᫥
                            ⠭ ࠬ஢. ப  
                             ᮤঠ ⠪ ࠧ⥫,
                             , 窠  ⮩, 
                            ࠢ  ஡.
     
     _䠩              ᫮ ⠥ ⨭, ⮫쪮
                            ᫨ 㪠 䠩 .
                            
     ᫨      㪠      [not],       㤥
믮, ⮫쪮 ᫨ ᫮ :
     
     if not exist moifile.doc echo  ⠪ 䠩.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________
     PAUSE                                                  (I)
     
     :
          㧠   믮 䠩.
     
     ⠪:
     
          pause [⥪]
                      
     ਩:
             室 믮 ⭮
䠩 砥  pause,  믮  ⭮  䠩
뢠   ,     - .
 ⮬  ࠭ 뢮 ⥪ (᫨  㪠  
ப). ஬ ⮣  ࠭ 뢮 ᮮ饭:
     
     Strike a key when ready ...
     ( 㤥 ⮢   )
     
     ᫨        CONTROL+C,      ࠭  
᫥騩 :
     
     Terminate batch job (Y,N)?
     (ࢠ 믮 ⭮ 䠩 (/)? )
     
     ਬ砭:
     ᫨  ⬥,   ப pause  ப ⥪ 
  ࠭.
     
     
     

     
     
     __________________________________________________________
     REM                                                    (I)
     
     :
          뢮 .
     
     ⠪:
     
          rem [਩]
     
     ਩:
       ப    ࠧ襭  ⢥ ࠧ⥫
⮫쪮 ஡, ᨬ ⠡樨  .
     
     ਬ砭:
     ᫨  ⬥,  ப   뢮.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________
     SHIFT                                                  (I)
     
     :
          饭 ଠ ࠬ஢ ⭮ 䠩.
     
     ⠪:
     
          shift
     
     ਩:
        shift      
祬  ࠬࠬ, ..  ࠬ,   ᫥  
 (%9) ᤢ    %9.
       shift    ᯮ짮,  ᫨ ⢮
ࠬ஢    .        ,   
⭮    shift    ,  ⠪ ਬ,  
ᬮ ⠭ ࠬ %0, ⢮訩  ᤢ.
     
     ਬ:
      ⭠ ணࠬ   ᫥ 
 ப 䠩  㪠 ⠫:
     
     set todir = %1
     :one
     shift
     if "%1"=="" goto two
     copy %1 %todir%
     goto one
     :two
     set todir=
     echo 
     
      ப  ᠭ    ਬ  㤥  
     ଠ:
     
     _⭮_䠩 _⠫ _䠩 _䠩.....
     

     
